TÒM TẮT CƠ BẢN
| I. Danh từ (Noun)
1. Vị trí của danh từ – Đầu câu và làm chủ ngữ (S) – Sau mạo từ (a, an, the) và tính từ sở hữu – Adj + N – Sau giới từ in / on / at / of / for / with… + N – Sau động từ làm tân ngữ V + N 2. Dấu hiệu nhận biết Từ có hậu tố: -tion/-sion education giáo dục -ment development sự phát triển -ness happiness hạnh phúc -ity ability khả năng -er/-or teacher người dạy -ist artist nghệ sĩ -ship friendship tình bạn -age marriage hôn nhân -ance/-ence importance tầm quan trọng 3. Cách chuyển từ về danh từ (N) – Adj + -ness: – Adj + -ity – V + -tion/-sion – V + -ment – V + -ance/-ence – V + -er / -or / -ee / -ant (V động từ chỉ người) Ngoại lệ Adj Noun proud pride strong strength long length true truth young youth |
| II. Tính từ (Adj)
1. Vị trí của tính từ – adj + N – S + be + Adj – Sau linking verbs look, feel, seem, become, get, sound, taste… + Adj – Sau trạng từ chỉ mức độ: very / too / so / quite / extremely + Adj – So sánh Adj + than; more Adj + than 2. Dấu hiệu nhận biết Từ có hậu tố: -ful beautiful, helpful -less careless, useless -ous dangerous, famous -able/-ible comfortable, possible -al natural, national -ive active, creative -y happy, noisy -ic basic, scientific -ed / -ing interested, interesting Phân biệt -ed và -ing Dạng Nghĩa -ed cảm xúc (người) -ing gây ra cảm xúc Ví dụ I am bored. (tôi chán) The film is boring. (bộ phim gây chán) 3. Cách chuyển tùe về tính từ N + -ful N + -less N + -ous N + -y V + -ing V + -ed N + -al ( học thuật) N + -ic (học thuật) Ngoại lệ: Noun Adjective friend friendly love lovely sun sunny |
| III. Động từ
1. Vị trí của động từ – Sau chủ ngữ: S + V – Sau trợ động từ can, will, should, must… + V (nguyên mẫu) – Sau to: to + V (nguyên mẫu) – Sau have/has/had + V3 – Sau be + Ving/V3 2. Dấu hiệu nhận biết Có hậu tố ( không tuyệt đối) : -ate create -en widen -ify simplify -ise/-ize realize 3. Cách chuyển tùe về động từ – N + -ify – N + -en – N + en- – Adj + -en – Adj + -ize/-ise – Adj + -ify Ngoại lệ Gốc Verb real realize legal legalize social socialize active activate pure purify Noun Verb work work play play study study hope hope help help |
| IV. Trạng từ (Adv)
1. Vị trí của trạng từ – Sau động từ thường: V + Adv – Trước động từ thường (trạng từ tần suất): Adv (always, often, usually, never,..) + V – Sau to be: S + be + Adv – Trước tính từ: Adv + Adj – Adv + Adv – Đầu câu: ví dụ: Fortunately, he passed the exam. – Cuối câu: She speaks English fluently. 2. Dấu hiệu nhận biết – Hậu tố – ly: Adj + ly – Hậu tố -ally, -ward(s) 3. Cách chuyển từ về trạng từ – Adj + ly – y –> ily – ic –> ally Ngoại lệ Adj Adv Nghĩa fast fast nhanh hard hard chăm chỉ late late muộn early early sớm hard hard chăm chỉ hard hardly hầu như không late late muộn late lately gần đây high high cao high highly rất |
Cách dùng V + ing (Gerund)
Cách dùng to + V
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1. She was really (EXCITE) __________ about her trip to Paris last summer.
2. We are getting ready for our graduation (PERFORM) __________.
3. Our province (CHANGE) __________ a lot since the new policies came into effect.
4. You (WATCH) __________ a video last night when I called you?
5. She loves (SPEND) __________ her leisure time in this mountainous area.
6. Eat __________ every day and you’ll feel much better in the long run. (HEALTHY)
7. I want to live in a quiet and __________ village when I’m retired. (PEACE)
8. I __________ the Christmas tree every year. (DECORATION)
9. Jack is one of the most famous watch __________ in the world. (COLLECT)
10. __________ at the fair include clowns, dancers and a pop band. (ATTRACT)
11. __________, they set up youth clubs and provide assistance for the unemployed. (LOCAL)
12. I think we should be more __________ to new ideas. (RESPOND)
13. I want to have the opportunity to __________ in a student exchange program. (PARTICIPATION)
14. They were walking home when they (SEE) __________ a strange light in the sky.
15. I (GO) __________ to a cricket match this evening. Would you like to come?
Yes, I’d love to.
16. Many of my friends enjoy playing mobile games. They spend lots of their free time (PLAY) __________ them.
17. Don’t forget (LOCK) __________ the door before going to bed.
18. Spending too much time on social media can be __________ to mental health. (HARM)
19. They have made a small __________ to the fund for preserving our heritage site. (CONTRIBUTE)
20. She (PLAY) __________ tennis yesterday afternoon.
21. When I called him, he (COOK) __________ dinner.
22. My parents promised that they (BUY) __________ a new hat on my birthday.
23. I don’t mind (WAIT) __________ for you for a few minutes.
24. We (HAVE) __________ a meeting now.
25. John agreed (JOIN) __________ us for dinner tonight at a new restaurant.
26. She enjoys __________ books in her free time. (READ)
27. It’s an __________ experience to view the mountain from the top of the building. (AMAZE)
28. I first met my husband when I __________ London. (VISIT)
29. It was an impressive __________ by the French team. (PERFORM)
30. My uncle is one of the most skillful __________ in the village; he can make unique vases. (ART)
31. Fashion ___________ enjoy an interesting well paid job. (DESIGN)
32. All the children sat up and ___________ themselves at the party. (BEHAVIOUR)
33. ___________, Mr Smith missed his flight so he won’t get to ha Noi in time fo the meeting. (FORTUNE)
34. Mr Robinson is going to Viet Nam in February to attend some _____ events. (CULTURE)
35. The ______ of this factory are widely consumed in this country. (PRODUCE)
36. The old house on the hill looks so ______ at night. (MYSTERY)
37. It’s okay to ______ as long as we respect each other’s opinion. (AGREE)
38. Factories release harmful ______ into the air and water. (POLLUTE)
39. The Internet has helped students study more ______. (EFFECT)
40. She is ______ with long and difficult exercises. (BORE)
41. After several attempts, she ______ passed the driving test. (SUCCESS)
42. She trained for months to prepare for the swimming ______. (COMPETE)
43. Using public transportation is more ______ than driving a car. (ECONOMY)
44. She is very ______ and prefers to make her own decisions. (DEPEND)
45. If you have any ______ about the service, please let us know. (COMPLAIN)
46. Ao dai is the Vietnamese ______ costume. (TRADITION)
47. She made a deep ______ on the members of the club. (IMPRESS)
48. She listened ______ to the instructions before starting the task. (CARE)
49. They haven’t found the ______ to this problem yet. (SOLVE)
50. The traditional ao dai is famous for its beautiful and gentle ______. (elegant)
51. The local government is taking measures to help with the ______ of the ancient citadel. (preserve)
52. The students listened ______ to the guide explaining the history of the temple. (attentive)
53. The waste water from the industrial zone caused serious ______ to the local river. (pollute)
54. The talented artisan received a huge ______ for his handcrafted pottery. (admire)
55. ______, the community managed to raise enough money for the restoration project. (fortune)
56. My younger sister is very ______ about her new doll. (excite)
57. The festival was a great chance for the local ______ to gather and celebrate. (commune)
58. The neighbors offered their ______ to the family that lost their home in the fire. (sympathize)
59. Everyone was ______ by the singer’s powerful and emotional voice. (impress)
60. After months of hard work, they felt a huge sense of ______ when the project finished. (achieve)
The park rules clearly state that ______ is not allowed after 10 p.m. (noise)
61. The ______ of digital technology has changed the way we communicate. (develop)
62. I couldn’t understand the ______ in her voice when she told me the news. (sad)
63. The ______ skies warned us that a storm was approaching quickly. (dark)
64. My parents were ______ when I told them I had won the school competition. (pride)
65. The ______ of the ancient building attracts thousands of tourists each year. (beautiful)
66. He made a ______ decision to study abroad for his university education. (courage)
67. The teacher gave us ______ feedback on our science projects. (construct)
68. There is a ______ that eating carrots improves your eyesight. (believe)
69. The company offers ______ training programs for new employees. (profession)
70. My little sister showed great ______ when she learned to ride a bicycle. (persist)
71. The ______ of the forest provides a home for countless species of wildlife. (dense)
72. His ______ explanation helped us understand the complex math problem. (clear)
73. After months of training, the athlete’s ______ was impressive during the competition. (strong)
74. The ______ of the river varies greatly between the dry and rainy seasons. (wide)
75. Scientists need to use ______ thinking to solve complex environmental problems. (analysis)
76. The festival celebrates the ______ diversity of our country through music and food. (culture)
77. Using public transportation is both ______ and better for the environment. (economy)
78. The ______ of new renewable energy sources is essential for our future. (create)
79. The ______ of artificial intelligence has raised ethical questions about privacy. (pervasive)
80. The ______ of her argument convinced even the strongest opponents. (logical)
81. Many nations are working toward the ______ of nuclear weapons worldwide. (eliminate)
82. The ______ of several witnesses helped establish the truth about the incident. (testify)
83. The company’s ______ strategy has helped them reach new markets. (expand)
84. The professor’s ______ explanation of quantum physics made it accessible to beginners. (clarify)
85. The ______ of the research findings in major scientific journals increased its impact. (publish)
86. The school’s ______ to academic excellence has earned it a strong reputation. (dedicate)
87. The rapid ______ of technology has transformed how we communicate. (proliferate)
88. Scientists are studying the ______ effects of microplastics in the food chain. (cumulate)
89. The ______ of opinions in the debate represented diverse perspectives. (vary)
90. The government’s ______ measures have helped reduce unemployment. (intervene)
91. The ______ of the project requires coordination between multiple departments. (complex)
92. The ______ conclusion to the novel left readers discussing its meaning. (ambiguous)
93. The ______ of resources between developing nations has strengthened regional economies. (allocate)
94. The documentary explores the ______ relationship between humans and technology. (symbiosis)
95. The ______ of the ancient temple attracts archaeologists from around the world. (grandeur)
96. The committee will ______ the proposal before making a final decision. (evaluation)
97. The ______ of quantum computing could revolutionize data security systems. (operationalize)
98. The philosophical ______ between determinism and free will remains unresolved. (dichotomous)
99. The ______ factors affecting biodiversity loss must be addressed holistically. (multitude)
100. The researcher’s ______ investigation into cellular mechanisms earned international recognition. (meticulously)
101. Modern societies are experiencing the ______ of traditional and digital communication methods. (converge)
102. The ______ nature of pandemic response requires international cooperation. (exigent)
103. The ______ of certain algorithms enables computers to recognize speech patterns. (sophisticate)
104. The literary critic analyzed the ______ themes in the author’s body of work. (recur)
105. The ______ of geological evidence supports theories about ancient climate patterns. (preponderant)
106. The government’s fiscal ______ was intended to counteract inflationary pressures. (austere)
107. Scientists are studying the ______ properties of certain compounds in medical applications. (therapeutic)
108. The ______ of socioeconomic factors on educational outcomes requires multi-faceted solutions. (intersect)